EnglishClickjacking (correction de l'interface utilisateur)
Clickjacking, also known as UI redressing, is a technique used by attackers to deceive users into clicking on malicious elements hidden under the appearance of legitimate buttons or links. This technique can be used to steal sensitive information or perform unauthorized actions on websites. Prevention techniques include the use of X-Frame-Options header and disabling JavaScript.
HTTP request smuggling
HTTP request smuggling is a web application attack that exploits the differences in parsing HTTP requests by front-end and back-end servers to smuggle malicious requests that bypass security measures. This vulnerability can allow an attacker to bypass authentication, perform cross-site scripting, steal sensitive data, and launch other attacks.
Security : SQL injection
SQL injection is a type of security vulnerability in which an attacker injects malicious SQL code into a web application's input fields, allowing them to access and manipulate the application's database. This can lead to unauthorized access, data loss or corruption, and other security breaches. Preventing SQL injection requires proper input validation and parameterized queries to ensure that user input is properly sanitized before being used in SQL statements.
Logs injection
"Log injections" are an attack technique that involves injecting malicious code into an application's log files to compromise the system or access sensitive information.
OAuth 2.0 authentication vulnerabilities
OAuth 2.0 is an authorization protocol used by many websites and applications to allow users to log in using third-party credentials. However, OAuth 2.0 implementations can have vulnerabilities that allow attackers to hijack user accounts or steal sensitive information. Common vulnerabilities include insecure redirect URLs, lack of token validation, and insufficient user consent controls.
XSS attack
XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) attacks are a method of exploiting security vulnerabilities on websites. They involve injecting malicious code into web pages to access confidential information, steal user data, or take control of the victim's computer. XSS attacks can take various forms, including session hijacking, phishing, malware installation, or redirecting the user to a fraudulent website. The consequences can be severe for individuals and businesses.
XML external entity (XXE) injection
XML External Entity (XXE) injection is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to exploit XML parsers to disclose sensitive data, execute remote code, or launch Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. Attackers can exploit XXE vulnerabilities by injecting malicious XML entities into an XML document processed by an application. When the application parses the document, it may disclose sensitive information or execute the attacker's code, leading to serious consequences such as data breaches or system compromise. Preventing XXE injection requires proper input validation and sanitization, secure configuration of XML parsers, and restricting access to sensitive resources. Web developers can also use tools such as OWASP ZAP or Burp Suite to detect and prevent XXE vulnerabilities.
DOM-based vulnerabilities
DOM-based vulnerabilities are a type of security vulnerability that can be exploited in web applications that use JavaScript and manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM). Attackers can exploit these vulnerabilities by injecting malicious code into the DOM, causing the application to execute unintended actions or reveal sensitive data. DOM-based vulnerabilities can be caused by insufficient input validation, insecure use of client-side storage, or flawed JavaScript code. Preventing DOM-based vulnerabilities requires proper input validation and sanitization, secure use of client-side storage, and secure coding practices. Developers can also use tools such as linters, validators, and security scanners to detect and prevent DOM-based vulnerabilities.
Insecure deserialization
Insecure deserialization is a type of security vulnerability that occurs when untrusted data is passed to a deserialization process without proper validation or sanitization. Deserialization is the process of converting serialized data into a usable object in a programming language. Attackers can exploit insecure deserialization vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code, steal sensitive data, or launch Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. Insecure deserialization vulnerabilities can be caused by insufficient input validation, insecure serialization formats, or flawed deserialization processes. Preventing insecure deserialization requires proper input validation, secure serialization formats, and secure deserialization processes. Developers can also use tools such as serialization libraries and automated security scanners to detect and prevent insecure deserialization vulnerabilities.
Web cache poisoning
Web cache poisoning is a type of attack that allows attackers to manipulate the cache of a web server to deliver malicious content to users. Attackers can exploit vulnerabilities in web applications or web servers to inject malicious content into the cache. When users request the affected content, they are served the malicious content from the cache instead of the legitimate content from the server. Web cache poisoning attacks can lead to a wide range of consequences, including data theft, unauthorized access, and malware infection. Preventing web cache poisoning requires proper input validation and sanitization, secure configuration of web servers and web applications, and regular security assessments to detect and mitigate vulnerabilities.
Cross-origin resource sharing (CORS)
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) is a security feature implemented by web browsers that allows web applications running on one domain to access resources from another domain. CORS is enforced by browsers to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data and resources. Web developers can configure CORS policies on their servers to specify which domains are allowed to access their resources. CORS policies can be configured to allow all domains or specific domains to access the resources. Improper CORS configurations can lead to security vulnerabilities such as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF).
File upload vulnerabilities
File upload vulnerabilities refer to security flaws that allow attackers to upload malicious files to a web server. Attackers can exploit these vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code, steal sensitive data, or gain unauthorized access to a system. File upload vulnerabilities can be caused by insufficient input validation and sanitization, as well as incorrect file type and size checks. Preventing file upload vulnerabilities requires proper input validation, file type and size checks, and server-side security measures such as file permissions and access controls. Web developers can also use web application firewalls and other security tools to detect and block malicious file uploads.
Server-side Template Injection
Server-side Template Injection (SSTI) is a vulnerability that allows an attacker to execute malicious code on a server by injecting code into a server-side template. It is often caused by insufficient input validation in web applications that use server-side templates such as Flask or Jinja2. SSTI can lead to serious consequences such as data breaches, server compromise, and unauthorized access. Preventing SSTI requires proper input validation and sanitization of user input.
SSRF (Server-Side Request Forgery)
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) attacks involve tricking a web application into sending requests to unintended internal or external servers. Attackers can exploit SSRF vulnerabilities to access sensitive data, execute arbitrary code, or launch attacks against other systems. SSRF attacks are often caused by insufficient input validation and can be prevented by using whitelist-based input validation and restricting access to sensitive resources. Detection of SSRF attacks can be challenging and requires monitoring and logging of network traffic.
